Climate change and its consequences

In the face of natural disasters that have struck our planet,remember that in Jesus' hands rests
the fate of the Earth

Translation
Marcelo Damasceno do Vale - marcellus.vale@gmail.com

Research indicates that "climate change has killed about 315 people a year, hunger, disease or natural disasters, and the number will raise to 500 thousand by 2030." (1) The study estimates that the climate problem affects 325 million people annually and that in two decades, which number will double, reaching the equivalent of 10% of the world today. To minimize the impact, "we should multiply by a hundred efforts to adapt to the change in climate in developing countries."(2) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, its acronym in English) in its vast assessment of the issue, made in 2008, concluded that since temperatures began rising rapidly in 70 years, the greenhouse gases produced by man, had a weight 13 times more global warming than the variation of solar activity.

Almost 25% of the world is threatened by flooding as a result of melting of the Arctic, according to a study published in August 2009, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). As the ice extent decreases, and the ocean surface increases, the amount of solar energy absorbed also increases. Recently, a glacier melted and Switzerland won 150 meters of land, originally Italian. The line, which determined the border, since 1942, moved. There was melting fields, permanently covered with snow in the Alps, as a result of global warming also can destroy 85% of the Amazon. Global warming releases large amounts of methane [greenhouse gas] in the polar region. Until now, these gases were "trapped in the ice." This effect contributes, in turn, to the acceleration of melting in the Polar Regions.

Given this change, an ice bridge [one block the size of Jamaica], which connects two islands in Antarctica, broke up - they said. The break may indicate that the block Wilkins, (3) is known as the territory, float freely, which will be one of the effects of changes caused by global warming.

The company must format new models of coexistence, backed brotherhood and love

In fact, many of the ice decreased in recent years in Antarctica, and six of them have collapsed completely, the sample from the glaciers of Prince Gustav Channel, Larsen Inlet, Larsen A, Larsen B, Wordie, Muller and Jones. Analysis shows that when the blocks are broken, the glaciers and ice masses begin to move toward the ocean. In 1985, scientists identified a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica, which continues to expand, frighteningly. The ozone depletion contributes to the "greenhouse phenomenon. The consequences of this syndrome are catastrophic, like global warming and climate change, precipitating the occurrence of hurricanes, severe storms and even earthquakes. The effects of El Nino and La Nina, too, are terrifying, because that accelerate the melting of polar ice caps, increasing consequently the sea level and flooding coastal areas. They include the records of shrinking glaciers in the Himalayas, the Andes, on Mount Kilimanjaro, and the only ski resort in Bolivia, Chacaltaya, ended his activity, the scarcity of snow in the region.

It is urgent to create a critical mentality, which would establish new behaviors with a focus on sustainability of human life. The company must format new models of coexistence, backed brotherhood and love. The lack of awareness, of interdependence and complementarity between individuals, creates ever more intensely, the imbalance of nature.

The scientist Stephen Hawking in his book "The Universe in a Nutshell", explains, in a curious way, that: "A butterfly flapping its wings in Tokyo can cause rain in Central Park in New York." (4) Hawking explains that "it is the beating of wings, simply to generate the rain, but the influence of this little movement on other events in other places it can lead ultimately to influence the climate." (5)

In the United States, 55 million people think that lack little to end the world

Because these throes of acute pain of nature, arise in various parts of the world, fanatical groups of people, creating sects and cults strangers, leave employment, family, waiting for the "doomsday". Only in France, according to the magazine ISTOÉ of 4 August 1999, nearly 200 of them, with 300 thousand followers. In Japan, many "gurus" predict the "end of the world." In the United States, 55 million Americans think that lack little for the world over. For them, the hurricanes that have destroyed the central region of the country are angels sent to punish men, announcing the "high end". (6) It is not comforting in any way, the appearance of people with these bizarre beliefs, which are proliferating around the world, obscured the reason for the expectation of a "new era". Unfortunately, even in spirit hosts, there have been some books with ideas that lead the unsuspecting to the hypnosis panic or catastrophic worst possible scenario ...!

Today, according to the Law of Cause and Effect, we do not have the talent of prophecy to predict the future landscape of the land. Earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, volcanic eruptions and other natural disasters are inevitable and will be part of the dynamics of nature. This does not mean we cannot do anything to make us less vulnerable. "Learning from the disasters of today to deal with future threats." (7) We are informed by the world famous Lyonnais, Allan Kardec, that the great phenomena of nature, those who are considered a disturbance of the elements, there are unforeseen circumstances, because "everything has a purpose and nothing happens without God's permission. (8) and the cataclysms "sometimes have a reason to be direct to the man. However, in most cases, aim to restore balance and harmony of the physical forces of nature." (9)

The health concern is which results in uplifting achievements for the good of all

Pessimists insist, always, in thinking that way, negative and dark, to see things in the world is a realistic way to live. In fact, if we look at life with a lot of emotion (far from thinking) will find plenty of reasons that we kill the animals, anywhere and in any situation, for example, we are faced daily with needy children; hunger universal wars, urban violence, kidnappings, famine, social insecurity, corruption, etc. catastrophic accidents. However, it is a duty towards our well-being, we adapted to life with all she has good and bad, without, necessarily, it stays stuck to the situations.

Be concerned only and remain passive in the face of warning signs that nature gives us, is to model a chaotic future for generations to come. The health concern is which that results in gains uplifting for its own sake and for the good of all, fundamentally, for the next sister to come to reincarnate. This is a legitimate Christian. However difficult the challenges they are facing, due to the very human carelessness, spurred the desire to find harmony with Mother Nature. We must remember that Jesus is the Way that leads us to the enlightened concepts of Truth, where we received the glorious seed of wisdom, which dominate the centuries to come, preparing our earthly life to the heights of universal love in the deepest respect for nature.

References:

(1) Report as Global Humanitarian Forum (FHG), an institution based in Geneva.

(2) Available in http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Ciencia, Available in
http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Ciencia , accessed on August 27, 2009.

(3) Details: The block Wilkins, the Antarctic Peninsula, is decreasing in size since the 1990s.

(4) Hawking, Stephen. The Universe in a Nutshell, São Paulo: Ed. Mandarim, 2a Edition, (2002).

(5) idem.

(6) Published in the Journal ISTOÉ, edition of 4 August 1999.

(7) Message from the former Secretary-General, Kofi Annan on the occasion of International Day For Disaster Reduction, 11 October 2006, as conveyed by the Regional Information Center of the UN in Brussels - Runic.

(8) Kardec, Allan. The Spirits’ Book, RJ: Ed. FEB, 2001, question 536.

(9) idem.

Spiritual obsession, cause of the great human anguishes

Translation Renata Rinaldini - renatarinaldini@hotmail.com Spiritual obsession, cause of the great human anguishes To secure ourselves against its influences one must strengthen faith through mental renewal and through the practice of good within the framework of evangelical codes Dear Colleagues, once in a while we are asked why living on Earth is so complicated and life is so often bitter? I answer by saying that this sensation can eventually be an aspiration to happiness and freedom and that, as we are handcuffed to a physical wrapping which serves us as a prison, we apply useless effort to get out of it. However, some fall into discouragement, and reverberate their lamentations all the time. However, we need to resist energetically despondency and sensations of despair, because the dreams of happiness of living are intrinsic to all men, though we must not eagerly look for them only in the material and the transitory experience of earthly life. Commenting on melancholy, we find the Spirit François de Geneve dictating the following passage in the book The Gospel according to Spiritism: Remember, during your exile here on Earth, you have a mission to fulfil that you do not even suspect; be it dedicating yourself to your family or fulfilling the various obligations bestowed upon you by God. If within the course of this exiled probation, while seeking exoneration, you feel about to collapse through anxiety, uneasiness, or tribulations, be strong and courageous enough to support these pressures. Stand up to them with resolution for they will soon pass. These are the only means by which you may reach those for whom you pine and who, jubilant at seeing you once again amongst them, will hold out their hands towards you so as to guide you to regions inaccessible to earthly afflictions. FRANÇOIS DE GENEVE (Bordeaux).* There are, however, many disappointments which can have their origins in the infidelity to Christian commitments, hence melancholy is installed in the being, which can result in an obsessive process. Etymologically speaking, the term obsession has its origin in the word obsessione, a Latin word meaning impertinence, persecution. For some studious spiritist people, obsession is perceived as a great worldwide scourge. This view is of utmost gravity in society, which is nowadays well advanced technologically, be it in the fields of communication and computing, or be it in other areas of knowledge, broadening and deepening the responsibilities of each one of us before collective life. Obsession is a maleficent influence upon the mind The Portuguese language Dictionary “Aurélio Buarque” defines obsession as being a preoccupation with a determined fixed idea, which dominates the spirit in a sickly manner, resulting or not from repressed feelings; fixed idea; mania. In the same way the term “obsession” is used in a vulgar way, to mean a fixed idea on something, a nervous tic, a generator of manias, strange attitudes, and so on. However, according to the spiritist point of view, the term has a broader meaning and interpretation. It is embodied in a maleficent influence relatively persistent which discarnated and/or incarnated, as much as or less spiritually developed than ourselves, can exercise on our mental life. For the classical school of psychiatry, obsession is a thought, or a persistent or recurrent impulse which is unwelcome and distressing and which comes involuntarily to the mind, despite an attempt to ignore it or repress it. Psychiatrists who do not admit anything beyond matter cannot understand a hidden (spiritual) cause, but when the scientific community moves beyond its materialistic view, it will recognise in the action of the invisible world that surrounds us and in the environment in which we live, a force that acts upon physical stuff as well as upon moral things. This will be a new open way to progress and the key of a multitude of badly understood phenomena of the human psychism. Obviously the possibility of a psychosomatic anomaly is not discarded, but the Spiritist Doctrine allows us to acknowledge other sources of human misery, maintained through the moral frailty of the beings. We recognise that the use of anti-depressive chemicals establishes a chemical harmony of the brain, improving the patient’s mood, however, they simply act on the effects, as these medicines do not cure obsession in its intrinsic causes, only re-establish the transit of neuronal messages, correcting the neuro-chemical functioning of the central nervous system. Socrates already affirmed way back that “if doctors are unsuccessful in treating most diseases, it is because they treat only the body without treating the soul”. By insincerity, in our tenuous effort for inner moral reform, we prevent balanced and balancing relationships with others and with ourselves. Our entire disharmony leads to the development of vicious tuning in with other sick minds, be it discarnated or incarnated, which greatly sharpens our own inner disarrangement. In the intimacy of the home, of the family, of the Spiritist Centre or of the work environment, bitter adversaries from the past get to meet up. Invited to readjustment by the Benefactors from Beyond, they are rarely able to overcome the aversion which they feel for each other, and feed this aversion again with passion in the inner essence of themselves and the toxic rays of aversion which, when concentrated, become magnetic sharp darts, susceptible to provoke illnesses and death itself. Spiritual obsession is tuning in or exchange of similar vibes. Kardec defines obsession as a persistent action that a morally inferior Spirit exerts on an individual, presenting varied characteristics which go from a simple moral influence, without perceptible exterior signs, up to complete perturbation of the organism and of mental faculties. Obsession is the encounter of inferior forces portraying each other. The multiple facets of obsession There are cases of obsessions bursting out throughout everywhere and in all levels, be it discarnated upon incarnated or vice-versa; incarnated upon incarnated, as well as discarnated upon discarnated. Our mental world rules the life which is peculiar to us in all its dimensions; however we find ourselves still at the beginning of understanding the implications of mental force, of the meaning and coverage of the mental formations in life. The obsessors1 are skillfull and intelligent, perfect strategists who plan every step and have been following their prey for some time, observing their tendencies, their relationships and their ideals. They identify their prey’s vulnerable points (which are almost always to do with misguided sexual choices) Thought is exteriorised and is projected, forming images and suggestions which are hurled into the objectives that one proposes to reach. When thought is good and edifying, it is adjusted to the Laws which rule us, creating harmony and happiness; however, when unbalanced and depressing, it establishes anguish and ruin. Mental chemistry acts as a basis of all transformations because we really evolve in deep telepathic communion with all those incarnated and discarnated who are similar to us. Our mental universe is like a sky, but beneficial sunbeams and rain fall from the heavens towards planetary life, as well as, during the instant of friction between atmospheric elements and from the same sky, destructive electrical arcs. From it, balancing and restorative forces are originated for the trillions of cells of the physical body, but, when perturbed, it emits magnetic rays of highly destructive content towards our psychic structure. In question 466 of “The Spirits’ Book”, the master from Lyon asked the Spirits “why does God permit spirits to incite us to evil?” Their answer was: "Imperfect spirits are used by Providence as instruments for trying men's faith and constancy in well-doing. You, being a spirit, must advance in the knowledge of the infinite. It is for this end that you are made to pass through the trials of evil in order to attain to goodness. Our mission is to lead you into the right road. When you are acted upon by evil influences, it is because you attract evil spirits to you by your evil desires, for evil spirits always come to aid you in doing the evil you desire to do; they can only help you to do wrong when you give way to evil desires. If you are inclined to commit murder, you will have about you a swarm of spirits who will keep this inclination alive in you; but you will also have others about you who will try to influence you for good, which restores the balance, and leaves you of your decision." Moral renewal as a basis for spiritual disobsession2 The venerable Codifier, in The Mediums’ Book, affirms that moral imperfections give access to obsessors and the safest environment to get rid of them is to attract good Spirits through the practice of good. Obsession is impotent in face of redeemed Spirits! And what is a redeemed Spirit? It is one who recognises its limitations and, as announced by Apostle Paul, feels happiness in knowing itself to be “enrolled in the school of good” This psycho-spiritual disarrangement should be eliminated from society in the instant that the legitimate example of love is experienced and disseminated in all directions, according to what Jesus consolidated and experienced up to the bitterness of his death, continuing from apostolic times until today. Spiritism, unveiling the intervention of the Spirits hardened in evil in our lives, casts light on questions still ignored by materialistic sciences as a cause of psychopathology. Many times Christ was sought out by obsessed people and he penetrated the causes of their restlessness and, using of his moral authority, freed both, obsessed and obsessors, allowing them to awaken to an exciting life towards recuperation and the pacification of the conscience. However, it is very important to remember that Jesus did not free the obsessed without imposing upon them the non-transferable need for inner reform, nor did he drive out the unconscious pursuers without giving them the address of God. Conclusion In synthesis, we always identify in spiritual obsession the result of a lack of vigilance and moral deviations. In order to guard us against its influence we should strengthen faith through mental renovation and through the practice of good within the evangelical codes proposed by Jesus Christ, not forgetting the divine advice of Watch and Pray. JORGE HESSEN jorgehessen@gmail.com Brasília, Distrito Federal (Brasil) Sources: Kardec, Allan. The Gospel according to Spiritism Rio de Janeiro: published by FEB, 2001, Chapter 5, item 25 Electronic Aurélio Dictionary; 21st century. Rio de Janeiro, Nova Fronteira e Lexicon Computer, 1999, CD-rom, 3.0 version. Xavier, Francisco Cândido. In the domains of mediumship, Rio de Janeiro: FEB edition, 2001, Chapter: Telepathic Domination Kardec, Allan.The Spirits’ Book, 2003, question 466 Kardec, Allan. The Mediums’ Book, Rio de Janeiro: published by FEB, 1987- (Matthew 26:41; Mark 14:38; LuKe 21:36 e Peter 5:8). Revue Spirite, February, March and June 1864. The obsessed young woman from Marmande. Kardec, Alan. What is Spiritism, Chapter 2, The pitfalls of mediums, Rio de Janeiro: published by FEB, 2003 Kardec, Allan. The Gospel according to Spiritism, Summary of the doctrine of Socrates and Plato, item 19, Rio de Janeiro: FEB edition, 2001. *Transcript from Allan Kardec’s book The Gospel according to Spiritism – English translation from 3rd edition of the original French, translator Janet Duncan, 1987 1Translator’s note: Obsessor: a perturbed and lost spirit attached to a person, thus, causing a maleficent impression on his victim. Hence its victim denomination - obsessed person. 2*Translator’s note: Disobsession (Deobsession): “In Spiritism, it is the practice whereby mediums receive lost and perturbed spirits and whereby another member of the spiritist centre talks to the spirit and evangelizes or “indoctrinates” it. These lost and perturbing spirists are not necessarily linked to the specific victims, and the people who have spirit attached to them do not need to be present at the disobsession meeting. (Non-Spiritists may refer to disobsession as “exorcism” which is a word rejected by Spiritists because of its implication, that is, it implies demons or other non-human spirits)(David J. Hess – “Spirits and Scientists – Ideology, Spiritism and Brazilian Culture”, 1991)” - (Extract from book “Obsession, Passes, Counselling” by Herculano Pires – translation by Jussara Korngold and Marie Levinson –SAB, 2004, New York)

A CHRISTINA VIEW ON HOMOSEXUALITY ..... .....

Mani Fagundes dos Santos - Translation

manifagundes@yahoo.co.nz

As soon as the leaning towards homosexuality is identified in this dimension of existence, it's paramount to give them proper educative support, at the same way it's done with the heterosexual majority of the society

The multiple human experiences for reincarnation and repeated contact with both sexes provide the Spirit with the sexual tendencies either feminine or masculine and it reincarnates with both polarities and this junction, sometimes, finds its way contrary to the genital anatomy and sexual education gathered in its cultural environment. According to such experiences, t will lean towards either options and not always will it be made conforming to its inner aspiration, which can be contrary to the one determined by its socio-cultural environment.

Emmanuel teaches in the book "Life and Sex" that the "Spirit goes through countless reincarnations, either as a female, or a male, which establishes the phenomenon of bisexuality, more or less notices, in nearly all creatures". (1) Maybe educational factors may occur to contribute the awakening of such tendencies, asleep in its subconscious mind. And, even if it performs roles according to its genital anatomy, and its psyche goes on with its sexual option, the desire to have contact with people of the same gender may happen.

On such perspective there are also those who contest the non-educational interference for either (2), according to current psychological, even because the whole thing about the educational process is hetero, they say.

It is also stated that when the homosexual performs heterosexual roles is always because of conflicts provoked by the social environment, in which he doesn't fulfill his expectations and falls back on homosexual fantasies to reach heterosexual effects. When such fulfillment happens, be it homo or hetero, then the bisexuality arises.

As for Psychology pointing for the enablement of the bisexual activity, may occur, not necessarily, that in reality the person may be a homosexual trying a double living due to a conflict. Such event may trouble his conscience characterizing, because of that, a psycho-emotional confusion, though such occurrences don't happen because of homosexuality, but the action of prejudice taken by the person.

Sincere scholars explain that the expression sexual opinion is abandoned by Psychology

The life of the Spirit with the opposing sex it adopted in each incarnation, as well as those where it exercised its sexual option, will plasm into its psyche the typical tendencies of each polarity. We've also learned that sincere scholars explain that the expression "sexual opinion" is abandoned by Psychology, since the occurrence is always of manifest tendency; thus, environment alone plays no role in the existence of option. It is also stated that, admitting option for homosexuality is also admitting an enormous masochism, before all the adversity that surrounds the individual related to homosexuality.

Emmanuel: "Homosexuality, also known as Transsexualism, in some circles of Science, defined by the set of characteristics, for the tendency of the creature to relate affectively to another creature of the same sex, does not find explanation in psychological studies which deal with it under materialistic basis, but is perfectly acceptable under the light of reincarnation". (3)

Item 202 of The Spirits' Book, Allan Kardec asked the Spirits: " Does a spirit, when existing in the spirit-world, prefer to be incarnated as a man or as a woman?" "That is a point in regard to which a spirit is indifferent, and which is always decided in view of the trials which he has to undergo in his new corporeal life." (4)

Genetics has tried to find genes which would explain homosexuality as being a sexual disorder. Psychiatry has tried to find brain enzymes which could influence in sexual behavior. Some sexologists have explained that it's a sexual preference (and we recall that the expression option has been officially abolished). But the real origin of the sex is not found in the physical vehicle, but in the complex structure of the Spirit. Only by this point should we face questions related to sex. "Human collectivity will learn, gradually, to understand that the concepts of normality and abnormality are not enough when it's all about morphological signs" (5)

With the sexual freedom in modern society, tolerance towards homosexuality has increased

We can't confuse homosexuality with character disorder, even because sexual slips of any tendency have several origins. Its genesic roots may come from impenetrable inner depths. "Phylogenetics (6) of the sex itself, which apparently starts in the mineral kingdom, going through the plants and the animal one, for then get to man's, shows an array of different forms, including auto-genesis [spontaneous generation] of viruses and cells and the bisexuality of hermaphrodites" (7), and this would justify for some researchers the appearance of what could be congenital sexual disorders.

With the sexual freedom in modern society, tolerance towards homosexuality has increased, allowing many people "to come out the closet", thanks for the fight of homosexuals for their rights around the world, even forcing the change of legislatures. Chico Xavier explains, clearly, the following: "I can't see any reasons for criticism or mockery towards our brothers and sisters with homosexual tendencies, as we understand, as clear as the heterosexual ones that most human creatures have. In my notions of dignity of the spirit, I can't understand the reason why this or that social prejudice would impede a certain number of people to work and be useful to community life, solely for the fact that having brought innate psychological and physiological characteristics different from the majority. (...) I've never seen parents, aware of the important mission assigned by the Divine Providence, to reject a child for being born blind or handicapped. Would our conduct be human and just in patterns of disdain and rejection, to our brothers that are born with psychological difficulties?" (8) I think it's important to say here that psychological difficulties happen due to the fact of prejudice. Once prejudice is overcome, by the person itself, the psychological conflict ceases. Of course it would be too much to ask Chico to go so far in his explanations, even because of the date of the interview, it was a courageous act.

The Spiritist Doctrine does not condemn homosexuality; quite to the contrary, it is respected

The Spiritist Doctrine is known for being a liberator. There is no such character to impose narrow-minded views on creatures, making them unhappy and depressed. Sexual energy requires balance, not abuse or repression. The Spiritist Doctrine does not condemn homosexuality; quite to the contrary, it is respected. Many times, may be someone affected by the permissive appeal that spills from the toxic waters of exaggerated eroticism, added to the several pseudo-scientific encouragers of depravation, that may be harming his sincere project of moral edification, through a balanced sexual conduct. (9) That's why; he can't be discriminated, or rejected, because of Jesus' message "loving others as ourselves".

As we saw with Emmanuel at the beginning of this article, there is no sheer masculinity or femininity on Earth. Women and men have some characteristics from each other. Long ago, the strict and repressive education contributed to place the homosexual individual according to the social expectancy around, contrary to his spontaneous tendencies.

Admitting homosexuality doesn't mean to dive into a universe of challenging attitudes in your family or professional group, "but to do a deep exercise of self-acceptance, calm yourself down, in order to be able to recognize yourself and the circle of friends and relatives that live in situation of challenge. The true challenge is the inner construction to guide the desires balanced and healthy. And we are not here only to refer to sexual desire alone but all the sorts of desire that command the life of the creatures ". (11)

Emmanuel: "The world sees, these days, in every country, extensive communities of brothers living this sort of thing [homosexual], accounting for millions of men and women, requesting attention and respect, just like their heterosexual counterparts". (12) Homosexuality should not be, then, classified as a psychopathy or behavior conducive to discrimination or repressive measures.

Either the homosexual or transsexual should look to their inner reform

Another controversial issue, for many Christians, is the possibility of a stable union [marriage] between two people of the same sex. Because of the prejudiced myopia of a fake religious purism of the overwhelming majority of Christians considered "pure", this is blasphemy. This makes the topic very complex, and we wouldn't dare to say the final word. We are, therefore, open to discussions. But, upon further reflection about the subject, mainly being based on Chico Xavier's assessment, we understand that the stable union [marriage] between homosexuals may be legitimate, for the fact that people should choose their own way to find happiness. Only by getting rid of prejudice that comes with us from millenniums will we get understand this question better. We would dare to say that the legalization of marriage between two people of the same gender is an advancement of society, which will be only regulating what exists already.

Either the homosexual or transsexual should look to their inner reform, not giving in to exaggerations provoked by instinctive and sexual impulses. Remember: what's forbidden for homosexuals, it's also for heterosexuals. Both need to "distinguish in the sex the core of superior energies that the Creator gives to the creature to balance the activities, feeling the task of protecting them against the susceptible deviations. "Sex is a renovating source of body and soul ". (13)

As soon as the leaning towards homosexuality is identified in this dimension of existence, it's paramount to give them proper educative support, at the same way it's done with the heterosexual majority of the society.

We believe, in the end, that such ideas might take, to those who read it, meditation about the subject, remembering that homosexuality transcends in itself the simple question of sexual exchange.

Jorge Hessen

E-Mail: jorgehessen@gmail.com

Site: http://jorgehessen.net

Bibliography:

(1) Xavier, Francisco Cândido. Life and Sex, Emmanuel, Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FEB, 2001.

(2) Science has already found homosexuality in diverse species. There's homosexuality even in insects. It shows that homosexuality is a manifestation like any other in Nature, or more properly speaking: it is part of God's work.

(3) Xavier, Francisco Cândido. Life and Sex, Emmanuel, Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FEB, 2001.

(4) Kardec, Allan. The Spirits' Book, Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Feb, 2000, item 202

(5) Xavier, Francisco Cândido. Life and Sex, Emmanuel, Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FEB, 2001.

(6) Phylogenetics (evolutionary history of species) opposes to Ontogeny (refers to the history of an organism from birth, as opposed to its genetic makeup).

(7) Accessed on April 24, 2006

(8) Spiritist Journal, March 1984

(9) The recommendation of Spiritism about the respect and comprehension for our brothers who have inverse sexual conditions (homosexuals) occurs because of the feeling of fraternity or charity that must happen in the human relationship, but also for the fact that none of us has enough authority to condemn whoever it is, since everybody has their moral/material difficulties.

(10) John, chap. VIII, vv. 3 - 11

(11) Accessed on April 24, 2006

(12) Xavier, Francisco Cândido. Life and Sex, Emmanuel, Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FEB, 2001.

(13) Xavier, Francisco Cândido. Spiritist Conduct, André Luiz, Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FEB, 2001.